Cultural Identities in China

Cultural Identities in China One of the oldest continuous civilizations in history and the dominant cultural center of East Asia is China, where the place full with flourishing philosophical, political, economic, artistic and scientific traditions. Moreover, China has opened up an intense cultural identity as a widespread civilization. In the last century, China has been struggled on the challenge of smiting a brand new identity in the world of nation-states and re-determines its cultural values in a modern world. The tension between tradition and modernity of Chinese has been turning to Confucius for possible ways to a latter-day social illness that related with commercialization and sudden economic growth inevitably spotlights by China. Chineses are subject to change their conservation and traditional values. In spite of their persuasiveness and persistence, the major Confucian orientations do not give any rise to a rigid, conform and closed system. China generates imperfect harmony but progress problematic. The increase of new modus of social organization and activities implied the new understanding on many of the traditional beliefs and organizational precondition. Overall, cultures will often adapt into their core elements appropriately. Now, the increase of a consumer society has defiance many of the Confucians philosophies. The emergence of a rich consumer class and the increase of prevalent culture has usher in a set of values constantly related with the concept of modern. Industrialization, urbanization, bureaucratization, democratization, universal education, mass-consumption and fast communication celebrates modernity. These ideas have been recruiting into latest Chinese society and become part of the Chinese cultural identity. Hence, Chinese cultural identity consist both traditional modernity. Any traditions must be comprehended as a chosen version of the former filtered from the desires, experience and current concerns. In the early of 20th Century, Chinas modernization project has left an imprint in the values of Chinese culture. Cultural identity in a specific filmic signification can help to lighten the problem of cultural identity have been claims through empirical. The main issue is not certainly attributable to the films Chinese identity, if this matter exists in most developing countries. Chinese characteristics and Chinese identity was actually brings up by the latter Chinese film where grounds the problem on a concrete Chinese soil. The classical Confucian principles were frowned upon the side of human desire and activities which related to money. An identity that has struggled to balance between tradition and modernity in the contest between Confucian moral tradition and mainland Chineses newly-discovered economic freedom in a post socialist society are captures well the indistinct and uneasy cultural identity of contemporary China. The diverse ideas are contend with one another for interpretative legitimacy is known as the subjective process to evaluate the cultural identity in a cinematic text. The exercise of identity identification will involves the allocation of special set of significances and the overture to involve or avoid the capacity diffusion of other significances. Chinas Enculturation Process According to A. Scott Moreau, enculturation can be seen as the learning of a culture through growing up in it. Enculturation is the process that begins from the moment of birth in which cultural rules and pathways, values and dreams, and pattern and regulations of life are set on from one generation to the next. People who live with their own culture will become enculturated as if they internalize their cultural pattern. There were clearly states that every human are born without culture. The cultural will exist as if the children have go through the enculturation process, because the children has internalized or drawn the environment of culture. Thus, the enculturation process will happen without any realization by the children. The children will learn and form their own self according to their own cultural, which this is another process of enculturation known as the active self-conscious process. Moreover, enculturation involves and brings up the indigenization. Christians enculturation believe that Chinese culture actually includes in the leadership and the incarnation of the Church among the circumstances of current social realities, whereby it indicated facing the political situation creatively in a brand new cultural setting. The Chinese once fit by the outliers, they can start to combine Chinese cultures, values, ideals, teachings and orientation of the gospel and church tradition. Chinas Assimilation Process The continuous of dynasties facilitated Chinas boundary firmly southward and the empire was stranded frequently by aggressions and migrations of northern savage. These people were recruited into Chinese culture through a process of assimilation and it was not irregular for the empire to be excluded by a dynasty of non-Chinese origin. Similarly, people who are out from the religion of Buddhism was adjusted and assimilated to Chinese traditions. In the Roman and other empires, assimilation was very less intensive. The cohesiveness and longevity of Chinese Empire are most important condition as the development of the Chinese bureaucracy and the creeping influence of its Confucian ideology everywhere in Chinese society. Confucianism, was originated as it was in the old Chinese traditions, learned from academies and trained in Chinese families, and finally increased by its own positions as the core disciplines of the civil service examinations, penetrated in Chinese society at all standards and shaped the cement that retained it together, during periods of political decomposition or the adjudication dynasty lost the Mandate of Heaven. Chinese culture, especially Confucianism was proved intensely that it radically penetrated in Vietnam, which China predominant for many centuries. Even surrounding countries such as Korea, where Korea was under Chinese predominant for only short time, as well as Japan, which was never be one of the Chinese Empire. In order to enrich their own societies in Chinese culture and institutions voluntarily, the predominant elites of these countries must be part adopted or adjusted in Chinese culture, even as if they against the Chinese political control. For the new era of East Asia today, this cultural legacy has proven and it will continued to be even more lasting than the previous empire that generates it.

Shell Case Study

The Case Study on â€Å"Organizational change at Royal Dutch/Shell† This case study on â€Å"Organizational Change at Royal Dutch/Shell† deals with the organizational change that the world’s largest non-state-owned oil company made to respond its operating environmental changes in 1990s (Hill, C 2005, pp. 476-477) While there are a few different structures of global organizations such as worldwide area structure, worldwide product divisional structure and global matrix structure, the Anglo-Dutch company Royal Dutch/Shell (hereinafter Shell) decided to be structured with a matrix structure from the 1950s until 1994.Under the matrix structure, the head of each operating company reported to two bosses; one boss was responsible for the geographical region or country and the other was responsible for the business activity worldwide (Shell’s business activities included oil exploration and production, oil products, chemicals, gas and coal). There were two major benefits that Shell enjoyed from this matrix structure for about 40 years. First, their decision making process was based on the consensus building between the two bosses. Because of its side effects such as slow and cumbersome process, it might be not proper for some organizations.However as the nature of Shell’s business environment is that most big decisions are long-term ones that involve huge capital expenditures and as a result they could review thoroughly all the big decisions, this decision making process was beneficial to the company. Second, this slow decision making process caused substantial decentralization by default to the heads of the individual operating companies. Thanks to this decentralization, Shell could respond to local differences in government regulations, competitive conditions and consumer tastes.Even though there were drawbacks such as slow and cumbersome process, the matrix structure fit the environment of the global oil and chemical industries in the 1980s. In the 1980s, Shell sought to grow through acquisition. It bought out the remaining 30% shareholding in Shell Oil in 1985 to consolidate its American operations. While the oil price plummeted in the winter of 1986 when the price fell from $31 per barrel to $10, Shell managed its budget by half: the company had to work much harder to develop new projects more cheaply. As a esult, Shell could make huge improvements in drilling techniques such as slim-hole drilling and directional drilling. The use of 3D seismic became widespread. (from Shell’s official homepage; 1980s to the new millennium). All of these activities worked well under the matrix structure of Shell until the end of 1980s. There was a huge environmental change in 1990. It’s the Gulf War. The Iraqi invasion of Kuwait, partly prompted by the low price of oil, led to uncertainty about production and prices spiked. Iraq wanted to gain control of the world's third largest oil producer to give it more control over the world market.Following the Gulf war to liberate Kuwait, crude oil prices entered a period of steady decline, reaching their lowest level in 1994 for 21 years (BBC, Why the oil price keeps rising, June 2008). As the oil prices declined, naturally there was pressure on Shell’s profit margins. Although it had traditionally been among the most profitable oil companies in the world, its relative performance began to slip in the early 1990s as its competitors adapted rapidly to the environment changes. As a result, this suggested that the Shell senior management team review its strategy and the fit between strategy and organizational structure.In 1995, Shell abandoned its 40 year old matrix structure and adopted divisional line structure based on its new strategy to lower the operating costs just as its competitors did. Under the new divisional line structure, Shell now operates with five global product divisions- exploration and production, oil products, chemical, gas and coal. The difference between the organization after 1995 and that before 1994 is that the power of the each global division will increase and the responsibilities of the country (or regional) chefs are reduced.The Shell’s change led to enhanced fit between operating environment, strategy and organizational architecture. As mentioned earlier, Shell's operating environment changed in the early of 1990s with continuing slack demand for oil and weak oil price which caused pressure on profit margins. In order to overcome the challenges, Shell changed its strategy to lowering operating costs by a sharp reduction in head office overhead and the elimination of unnecessary duplication of facilities across countries.This new strategy could be achieved via the change of its reorganization in 1995 from matrix organization to divisional lines structure. As a result of the change, Shell could reduce the need for a large head office bureaucracy and eliminated unnecessary duplicatio n of facilities across countries. Eventually, production may be consolidated in lager facilities that serve an entire region, rather than a single country, with which it could enjoy the greater scale economies. In summary, Shell’s organizational structure change in 1995 could contribute its business strategy changes which were driven by the operating environment changes.

My Mothers Tongue by Amy Tan - 596 Words

In the personal essay â€Å"My Mothers Tongue† (1990), Amy Tan, widely known author explains her insights on language and culture identity using details and memories from her own life experiences. Tan conceals that the language in which her mother used with her â€Å"was the language that helped shape the way [she] saw things, expressed things, made sense of the world† (1208) and in the process it made her who she is today as an author. Tan illuminates the euro centricity of the Master Narrative by retelling stories of her mother being treated poorly because of her â€Å"broken† or â€Å"limited† English. She recalls many past experiences where her mother suffered from bad service and treatment from restaurants, stockbrokers, and even hospitals. Using examples from her personal life Tan gets her point across about language and culture characteristics in order to show how Chinese culture is affected by the master narrative and also encourages others to inc lude a variety of cultures in order to overcome bias opinions. Tan’s apparent audience can be ranged from the child of an immigrant to a doctor and offers an authentic and rich portrayal of Chinese history through her conflicting experience of her Chinese and American cultures. In the essay â€Å"Straw into Gold: The Metamorphosis of the Everyday† (1984), Sandra Cisneros, nationally known Mexican-American author, uses an informal tone and fragment sentences such as â€Å" I’d never seen anybody make corn tortillas. Ever† (1226) to help create a voiceShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Mother Tongue By Amy Tan913 Words   |  4 Pages Analysis of Mother Tongue by Amy Tan In the narrative essay, â€Å"Mother Tongue† by Amy Tan, the author sets out the story between her mother, whose English is her second language, and Tan herself can speak native English very well. The essay covers the tonal shift of Amy Tan s psychological change, from grudge to understanding. Although she begins the essay saying, I am not a scholar of English or literature. I cannot give you much more than personal opinions on theRead MoreMother Tongue1199 Words   |  5 PagesRhetorical Analysis of â€Å"Mother Tongue† written by Amy Tan â€Å"So easy to read†(p.4). Amy Tan ends her essay, â€Å"Mother Tongue† with this short and even grammatically wrong sentence. She tells us this mother’s brief review is a proof of success of her writing. Why does she think that easiness is an essence of her writing? She suggests answers to this question by her essay. In her essay, Amy Tan effectively convinces her readers that â€Å"broken English† is not an inferior language, but justRead MoreHow Language Is The Defining Aspect Of Person s Culture And Identity1122 Words   |  5 Pagesaspect of person’s culture and identity. In the essay, â€Å"How to tame a wild tongue† by Gloria Anzaldua and from the â€Å"Mother Tongue† by Amy tan, both reading conveys the importance of culture in society and it is possible to suffer If we can’t use it properly, however anzaldua was far more confidence about her language but Amy tan was depressed about her language impacted on her life experiences. At my home I speak Urdu with my family but in school I speak English. This situation makes very hard forRead MoreMother Tongue By Amy Tan1553 Words   |  7 PagesAdelina Belecciu (Professor’s Name) ENG101 (Date) â€Å"Mother Tongue† Response Essay In the essay â€Å"Mother Tongue,† Amy Tan emphasizes the idea that the language we are taught in childhood plays an important role in our lives. She writes about the profound effect language has on her life and how she is inspired by her mother’s â€Å"impeccable broken English† to become a writer (317). Tan describes her mother as an educated person who can read sophisticated and technical literature written in EnglishRead MoreFormal English Essay1311 Words   |  6 PagesProf. Isaac Eng 14 25 November 2012 Many writers share their experiences about literacy and language. The writer Helen Keller wrote The Day Language Came into My Life, an essay where she tells the reader her experience with how she learned how to speak, read and write even though she is blind and deaf. Amy Tan wrote Mother Tongue, an essay where she talks about the trouble of speaking English as an immigrant in a new country. Frederick Douglass wrote Learning to Read and Write, an essay whereRead MoreComparisson of Mother Tounge and Everyday Use1417 Words   |  6 PagesEdgar Hernandez Professor Ali ENC 1102 March 20, 2014 Amy Tans, â€Å"Mother Tongue† and Alice Walkers â€Å"Everyday Use† both share similar traits in their writings of these two short stories. â€Å"Mother Tongue† revolves around the experiences Tan and her mother had due to her mothers English speaking limitations, she also revolves her story around the relationship of a mother and daughter. Alice walker on the other hand writes a story narrated by â€Å"Mama† the mother of two daughters Maggie and Dee andRead MoreHow I Learned to Read and Write by Frederick Douglass and Mother Tongue by Amy Tan1178 Words   |  5 Pages How I Learned to Read and Write by Frederick Douglass and Mother Tongue by Amy Tan are essays that share a common theme. The theme is opposition and how it is necessary to build strength. In the essay How I Learned to Read and Write, Frederick Douglass explains that he was born into slavery and faced his own ignorance with a resolve to overcome this challenge. Faced with o ppression by the master and mistress of the house, a young Frederick Douglass used any means necessary toRead MoreMother Tongue767 Words   |  4 PagesMother Tongue, by Amy Tan Comprehension 1. What Tan is classifying in this essay is the different kinds of English she uses. 2. Tan identify the different categories she discusses in â€Å"Mother Tongue† almost in the last paragraph, where she named all the kind of English she uses. 3. Tan does illustrate each category she identifies 4. Some specific situations where Tan says her mother’s â€Å"limited English† was a handicap is when her mother could not be able to talk directly with peopleRead MoreConfidence Enables A Person to Try New Things1471 Words   |  6 Pages During my early years I was bullied in and out of school. My first experience with bullying started when I was in daycare. A girl named Mary Doe. Every time I saw her she would talk about either my hair or my clothes or the way I looked. One day, my brother and Mary Doe’s sister were watching Mary Doe and I and then Mary Doe’s aunt had told her to leave me alone. And after her aunt left the room, Mary Doe started pushing me to see what I would do and after a while I got really mad so I punched herRead More Amy Tans Mother Tongue Essay1106 Words   |  5 PagesAmy Tans Mother Tongue The Essay written by Amy Tan titled Mother Tongue concludes with her saying, I knew I had succeeded where I counted when my mother finished my book and gave her understandable verdict (39). The essay focuses on the prejudices of Amy and her mother. All her life, Amys mother has been looked down upon due to the fact that she did not speak proper English. Amy defends her mothers Broken English by the fact that she is Chinese and that the Simple English spoken

Dinosaurs and Prehistoric Animals of Alaska

Breast Cancer Staging At Cancer And The International...

Breast Cancer Staging â€Å"Breast cancer is staged using the American Joint Committee on Cancer and the International Union for Cancer Control classification system for tumor, nodes, and metastases (TNM)† (Esserman, 2013). The first part of the tumor staging system, as seen in Table 2, assesses that of the primary tumor itself by means of clinical breast exam and imaging studies and is represented by the letter â€Å"T† on the staging table. Mammogram is an essential part of assessing the primary tumor, however other modalities previously discussed including ultrasound and MRI is often essential (Esserman, 2013). Evaluating lymph nodes surrounding the breast is a crucial component of staging and is thought to be one of the most important aspects in relation to prognosis. The letter â€Å"N† on the staging table represents this component. It is also of utmost importance to evaluate the nodes by radiologic means because physical examination alone is indetermi nate of metastasis. The last component is metastasis, represented by an â€Å"M† on the staging table. Often, many patients with breast cancer are diagnosed with the cancer confined to the breast and without node involvement. In that case, those patients are not often evaluated or staged for the presence of metastatic disease. However, those that do present with signs and symptoms of metastatic disease or with locally advanced cancer (T3 or greater, N2 or N3, M0) are evaluated for this component (Esserman, 2013). AdjuvantShow MoreRelatedDevelopment Of The Mammary Gland9524 Words   |  39 PagesIntroduction 1. Normal mammary gland 1.1 normal mammary gland anatomies The normal breast sits on the chest muscle, consisting mainly of adipose tissue, also known as mammary fat pad. The mature mammary gland is composed of 15-20 lobes, which are each composed of smaller structure called lobules. Tiny Lactiferous ducts connect lobules to each other. (Fig. 1b) (Schneider and Bocker). A typical structure of duct is composed of a hollow lumen, enclosed by a layer of epithelial luminal cells that produceRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagesabilities that help you get someones point, generate reasons for your own point, evaluate the reasons given by others, decide what or what not to do, decide what information to accept or reject, explain a complicated idea, apply conscious quality control as you think, and resist propaganda. Your most important critical thinking skill is your skill at making judgments─not snap judgments that occur in the blink of an eye, but those that require careful reasoning. You are not reasoning logically ifRead MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 PagesNew York ß Oxford University Press 2006 The moral rights of the author have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker) First published 2006 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerningRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagespublishing as Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction , storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department

Urgent Need for Renewable Energy Free Essays

string(166) " The main compound responsible for the ozone layer depletion is Chlorofluorocarbon \(CFC\) commonly found in refrigerants used in air conditioners and refrigerators\." Introduction In today’s world the most important thing human’s need is electricity. Without electricity most of the modern equipment would not work. Similarly fuel is needed to power transportation devices. We will write a custom essay sample on Urgent Need for Renewable Energy or any similar topic only for you Order Now Natural recourses such as coal, oil and natural gas are the basis for producing energy for all kinds of devices. Due to the extensive use of these resources they now face extinction. These resources are classified as non-renewable resources. In this report we will discuss different types of resources which can be used as a replacement for producing sustainable energy and also the effects on the environment by burning the carbon based resources. Renewable Energy Renewable energy is energy which is derived from natural resources such as the sun, wind, tides, streams, rivers, biomass etc. Renewable energy is naturally replenished; it is sustainable energy and does not harm the environment. About 19% of the world’s electricity requirements are met by renewably energy. The different types of renewable energy are: Solar Energy Solar energy is obtained from the sun. Sun is a source of light and heat for all living things. It provides energy for photosynthesis, the process of plants creating oxygen. Solar energy can be harnessed and converted to electricity by using solar panels. Sun is also directly or indirectly responsible for most forms of renewable energy requirements, for example – heat causes wind which intern causes tidal energy. Sunlight causes tree growth some of which contribute for biomass energy. Hydropower Hydropower is obtained from the force of water flowing downstream. Water is continuously recycled by the environmental cycle of precipitation and evaporation. This cycle cause water to evaporate and fall back down to earth in the form of rain which makes the rivers flow. This water is also stored in dams which are used all around the world to generate electricity by turbines and generators. Also energy can be obtained from tides and ocean waves which can be harnessed to produce electricity. Biomass Energy The most common source of biomass energy is wood. But other sources such as food crops, plants, agriculture and industrial waste, organic municipal components are also used around the world for producing energy. Biomass can also be converted to biofuel which can be used as an alternative to petrol and diesel to run vehicles and heavy machinery. Hydrogen Hydrogen is one of the most common on our planet. However, it is mostly found in combinations with other element in nature. For example – water is two part hydrogen and one part oxygen. Hydrogen is a very good source of renewable energy however the technology needed to extract this element is still in its early stages. Currently the most common way of extracting hydrogen is steam hydrocarbons and reforming. Other methods include thermolysis and electrolysis. Geothermal Energy The heat from the earth’s core produces steam and hot water which can be used generate electricity, or for other purposes like home heating and generating power in factories. Geothermal energy can be obtained by digging deep underground reservoirs. Wind Energy Wind energy is the conversion of the power of wind to electricity. Wind energy has been used for over thousands of years to operate mechanical process such as pumping water, grinding, milling etc. to harness wind energy wind farms are created onshore or offshore, wherever there is abundant of wind energy available by using wind turbines. A wind turbine is a machine which converts the wind’s kinetic energy into rotatory motion to by using generators to produce electricity. Wind energy is harnessed in many countries including India, Germany, Denmark and the United States. Reasons for Using Renewable Energy Sources: Using renewable energy saves the environment from the harmful effects of greenhouse gases released in the atmosphere due to burning of fossil fuels. There is abundant of resources available that are required for renewables such as the sun, water and wind e available all around the world and thus the cost of setting up the base is significantly reduced which provides a good opportunity for developing nations. Renewable energy resources do not cause military conflicts among nations unlike fossil fuels. Renewable energy sources are Inexhaustible i. e. unlike fossil fuels they get replenished quickly. Using renewable resources we can save fossil fuels for future generations for more valuable means. Harnessing renewables also creates job opportunities in new fields of science and technology. The Fossil Fuel Dilemma Burning of fossil fuels for meeting our energy requirements causes side effects which are becoming a major concern for environmentalists. These side effects include the creation of carbon dioxide, the top greenhouse gas and contributor to global warming. Also ozone layer depletion and Acid rain are a major concern relating to the environment. Due to the burning of fossil fuels and the greenhouse effect the average temperature has risen by one degree Fahrenheit (1 °F). Acid rain The principal cause of acid rain is the release of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide in the atmosphere which then react with water molecules to produce acidic compounds. Major contributor to this is human activities such as power and electricity generation. Coal power plants are a major cause to producing these gasses. The natural phenomenon causing acid rain is the emission of acidic gases from volcanos. Ozone layer depletion The ozone layer is a layer in the earth’s atmosphere located about 20 to 30 kilometers above sea level. The ozone layer contains a high concentrate of the gas ozone (O3). The ozone layer’s importance is that it absorbs 97 – 99% of the Sun’s ultraviolet radiation, which can damage all forms of life on earth. These ultraviolet rays are the main cause of sunburns and excess exposure to this can cause skin cancer. The ozone layer is steadily declining by about 4% per decade from the earth’s stratosphere. The most significant tear in the earth’s ozone layer is over the Polar Regions namely Antarctica. This phenomenon is called the ‘Ozone Hole’. The main compound responsible for the ozone layer depletion is Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) commonly found in refrigerants used in air conditioners and refrigerators. You read "Urgent Need for Renewable Energy" in category "Essay examples" Due to the Ozone Hole over Antarctica polar ice caps are melting which is causing the rise in sea levels, leading to natural disasters such as floods in many parts of the world. Global Warming Global warming has become in today’s world perhaps the most complicated issue faced by the world leader. Scientific bodies present warnings for the increasing danger from global warming and ongoing buildup of greenhouse gasses produced mainly by burning of fossil fuels and forests. What is Global warming? Global warming is the heating of the earth surface and increase in its average temperature that causes corresponding climate change and it may result from greenhouse effect. This idea was first proposed by Nobel Price-Winning chemist Svante Arrhenius in 1896. He speculated that continued burning of fossil fuels would result in the increase in the earth temperature making it warmer (Global Warming Climate Change, 2012). What Causes of Global Warming? Scientists have examined all the factors that can affect the Earth’s temperature. Three essential factors can be responsible for recent rapid global warming. These are namely The Sun, Earth’s reflectivity and Greenhouse gases. Out of these three major factors greenhouse effect causes contributes the most to the process. 1. The Sun: As we all know sun is a huge ball of fire. All the climate changes are powered by the sun. It could have played an important role in heating up the temperature of the earth. Studies show that since 1985, the sun has changed in ways that if anything, it should have cooled the planet. Therefore sun alone does not cause global warming. 2. Earth’s reflectivity: Earth’s atmosphere traps 70% of the sun’s energy and reflects the remaining back into space. Changes in how much sunlight is absorbed and reflected may change global temperatures. Scientists have calculated how earth’s reflectivity has changed over time. These suggest that a particular type of pollution especially sulfur-containing particles have had a cooling effect masking the effects of greenhouse gases. Since the industrialization of countries, they began to clean up this pollutant and increase their greenhouse emissions. 3. Greenhouse gases: All scientific evidence point towards one factor only that is greenhouse gases. It is responsible for the rise in global temperature. Greenhouse gases are many chemical compounds found in the earth’s atmosphere. They allow sunlight into the earth’s atmosphere freely. This sunlight when reflected back towards the space by earth in the form of infrared radiation (heat). The greenhouse gases absorb the infrared radiation and trap the heat in earth’s atmosphere. The primary greenhouse gases in the Earth’s atmosphere are water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone. Burning of fossil fuels like coal, oil and natural gas as well as wood contribute mainly to the increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere (How we know human activity is causing warming, 2012). Climate change Assessments generally suggest that the Earth’s climate has warmed over the past century and that human activity affecting the atmosphere is likely an important driving factor. A National Research Council study dated May 2001 stated, â€Å"Greenhouse gases are accumulating in Earth’s atmosphere as a result of human activities, causing surface air temperatures and sub-surface ocean temperatures to rise. Temperatures are, in fact, rising. The changes observed over the last several decades are likely mostly due to human activities, but we cannot rule out that some significant part of these changes is also a reflection of natural variability. † (Greenhouse Gases, Climate Change, and Energy, 2004) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) The International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) was founded in 2009 with the support of World Wind Energy Association and Hermann Scheer the president of EUROSOLAR and chair of the World Council for Renewable Energy. It is a worldwide governmental organization and It’s primary focus is to promote widespread use of renewable energy in all forms with a view of sustainable development. At the Preparatory Commission meeting Abu Dhabi was elected as interim headquarters of the Agency. Its main aim is to promote the use of renewable energy and reduce the emission greenhouse gases in the environment. IRENA provides advice and support to governments of both industrialized and developing countries on renewable energy policy, capacity building, and technology transfer (irena. org, 2012). Policies for renewable energies in India: Ministry of Non-conventional Energy Sources: India’s search for renewable resources that would lead to sustainable development started in early 70’s. Realising the need for concentrated efforts in this segment, the Indian Government established a Commission for Additional Sources of Energy (CASE) in the Department of Science and Technology in 1981. The directive of CASE is to promote research and development activities in the field of renewable energy. CASE was formally incorporated in 1982, in the recently created Department of Non-conventional Energy Sources (DNES). In 1992 DNES became the Ministry for Non-conventional Energy Sources, commonly known as MNES. The Prime Minister of India has declared a target of 10% share for Renewable Energy or 10,000 MW in the power generation capacity to be added during the period up to 2012. The broad objectives predicted in the policy are: Achieving the minimum energy requirements via Renewable energy. †¢Providing decentralised energy supply in agriculture, industry, commercial and household sectors in rural and urban areas. †¢Providing grid quality power. Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission: The main goal of this mission is to establish India as the global leader in solar energy. This mission was officially launched Manmohan Singh, the prime minister of India. It is a three phase mission where the 1st phase starts from 2012-2013, 2nd phase from 2013-2017 and 3rd phase from 2017-2022. http://www. nri. org/projects/biomass/conference_papers/policy_material_section_3. pdf) Policies for Renewable resources in US: Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPS): It aims and requires electricity providers to provide a stated amount of customer electricity through renewable resources. Public Benefits Funds for Renewable Energy: These are a pool of resources used by the country to provide and invest renewable energy supply projects. These funds are generated by charging a small amount on consumer’s electricity charges which is called system benefits charge. Output based environmental regulations: It establishes emission restrictions per unit of any productive energy output, with a aim of controlling air pollution and encouraging renewable energy. Net Metering: It allows the customers whether residential or commercial who produce their own renewable energy/electricity such as solar energy to get compensation for the energy/electricity they produce. This requires electricity providers to ensure that customer’s electricity meter exactly track how much power or electricity is consumed on location/site or reverted to electricity grid. When the electricity produced on location isn’t used then it is reverted to the grid; when on location production isn’t enough to meet the customer’s need, then the customer uses electricity from the grid. So, surplus electricity is reverted back to the customer at a later stage/time when they else would have paid for it. Financial Incentives: Such incentives are provided in some states to encourage the development of renewable resources/energy such as tax credits, grants and loans. (http://www. epa. gov/statelocalclimate/state/topics/renewable. html) Polices for Renewable resources in Australia: Renewable Energy Target: RET is divided in two portions, The large scale renewable energy target and small scale renewable energy target. These targets make a financial incentive for investment in renewable energy sources through the formation and trade of certificates. Australian Renewable Energy Agency (ARENA): ARENA is a Commonwealth authority which supports innovation that advances the renewable resources/energy technologies which would lead to the increasing supply renewable energy in Australia. (http://australia. gov. au/topics/environment-and-natural-resources/energy) Policies for Renewable resources in UAE: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs has announced that Abu Dhabi has the target of achieving 7% renewable energy power generation capacity by the year 2020. Abu Dhabi has committed over $15 billion in renewable energy programs. Masdar City Initiative: Established in 2006, Masdar is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Abu Dhabi Government owned Mubadala Development Company. Masdar is a renewable energy company that functions within the growing sector of renewable energy and sustainable technologies, as well across the technology development and commercialization spectrum. It focuses in 100% renewable energy, developing a carbon neutral city, zero waste, and being the centre of excellence in sustainable technology. REFERENCES Ecology 2011, Fossil Fuels vs. Renewable Energy Resources, Retrieved on July 19, 2012 from http://www. ecology. com/2011/09/06/fossil-fuels-vs-renewable-energy-resources/ Global Warming Climate Change 2012, Retrieved on July 26, 2012 from http://topics. nytimes. com/top/news/science/topics/globalwarming/index. html Greenhouse Gases, Climate Change, and Energy 2004, Retrieved on July 25, 2012 from http://www. eia. gov/oiaf/1605/ggccebro/chapter1. html Green energy choice 2012, Renewable Energy: What are My Options? , Retrieved on July 18, 2012 from http://www. greenenergychoice. com/green-guide/renewable-energy-types. html How we know human activity is causing warming 2012, retrieved on July 20, 2012 from http://www. edf. org/climate/human-activity-causes-warming jcmiras. net 2010, Why renewable energy? , Retrieved on July 18, 2012 from http://www. jcmiras. net/jcm/item/31/ Statute 2012, Retrieved on July 26, 2012 from http://www. irena. org/home/index. aspx Wikipedia 2012, Ozone depletion, Retrieved on July 20, 2012 from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Ozone_depletion How to cite Urgent Need for Renewable Energy, Essay examples

Strength of HBMSU Mission and Vision-Free-Samples for Students

Question: By using the data file attached and the choices in the table that related to mission and vision criteria and characteristics, Write explanation why you think Hamdan Bin Mohammed Smart University is ranked #1 among the other universities. Answer: Introduction Mission, vision, and values are one of the most integral terms for any of the business organization. Without the individual practicalities of the strong values that are demonstrated by a vision and commenced by a mission, an organization cannot become successful (Tallant 2009). The below-executed analysis has been focused on the significance of vision and mission statement of Hamdan Bin Mohammed Smart University. Strength of HBMSU mission and vision On the basis of the analysis, it has been observed that the vision statement of HBMSU determines that the leading the smart learning innovation for re-engineering the future and scope of education that is targeted at the development of individuals, firms, and society. Focusing on organizations and society with the individuals is one of the strengths of the vision statement of the university (Johnson, 2016). The entity is making use of smart techniques and innovative ideas for the learning process and this is also one of the strengths of the vision statement. The future target set is precise and is distinct, ambition, challengeable and motivational. These aspects will aid and assist the individuals in advancing the future and thus has been considered as the strength of the firm. According to the mission statement, the university is an academic enterprise that is enabling knowledge creation and implementation by adopting innovations, transformation, and disruptions. The other aspects t hat are considered as the strength of the firm are a provision of life-long learning opportunities, intellectually stimulating learning experiences and also have a wide range of skilled faculty, staff, learners, and graduates. Weakness of HBMSU mission and vision One of the biggest weaknesses of the vision statement is that the entity is only focusing on the smart techniques of learning. The university should maintain a balance between contemporary and traditional means of learning (David, David David, 2014). Making use of traditional mediums and mechanisms of learning will bring improvements in the learning process. The mission of the university is made only focused towards the community; no responsibilities are mentioned towards the social and environmental aspects and this one of the weakness. For improving this, an entity should organize some programs considering some social cause and environmental aspects. Special about HBMSU as compared to others One of the biggest specialties of HBMSU is that the organization is focusing on smart learning innovations so as to re-engineer future of the individuals, organization and the communities (Malphurs, 2015). This learning system is a distinct one and is different from the other two mentioned universities. Moreover, the university is having a precise future target that is developing the individuals with ambitions, challengeable and motivational values that is one of the specialties of the organization. Competitive advantage On the basis of a detailed analysis, it has been clearly observed that the HBMSU is having the number of aspects on which the university is standing apart from the competing universities. The vision statement is one of the grounds on which the organization is able to sustain in the competitive environment. For instance, it has been clearly stated in the vision statement that the university has accurate future targets that are distinct, ambitious, challengeable, and motivational. All the components are making the vision of HBMSU powerful one and are also assisting in gaining competitive advantage. Comparison with ADU mission and vision HBMSU ADU Vision: Smart learning innovation for re-engineering future of education that is targeted at developing individuals, communities, and organizations and has precise future targets that are distinct, ambitious, challengeable, and motivational. Vision: The vision statement is focused on the providing quality education and applied research that is driving social and economic advancement in the regions and all over the globe (Adu 2018). Mission: Becoming an academic enterprise that is enabling knowledge creation and implementation by adopting innovations, transformation and disruptions and offering long-term learning opportunities, intellectually stimulating learning experiences for the individuals. Mission: Producing highly qualified, skilled and career-oriented graduates along with the regional and international requirements by excelling in teaching, providing scholarships to faculties, and involvement in community development. The key elements of the organization are the innovative and smart learning techniques and precise future goals for the individuals and these elements are aiding the business entity in attaining competitive advantage. Whereas ADU is only focusing towards offering quality educational services with driving economic and social advancement. And this is the reason due to which the university is in 2nd rank. Comparison with Sharjah mission and vision HBMSU Sharjah Mission: Developing image as an academic organization that enables creation and implementation of knowledge by associating innovations, transformation and disruptions and it also offers long-term learning opportunities, intellectually influencing the experiences of the individuals. Mission: The mission of the university is offering its students with educational facilities and long run learning experiences of best quality by making use of comprehensive mediums such as excellent academic and professional courses and also by encouraging creativity (Sharjah 2018). Vision: Learning revolution for re-developing and modifying the future of education and this is aimed at advancing candidates, societies and administrations and havea accurate future targets that are distinct, ambitious, challengeable, and motivational. Vision: One of the recognized brand among most reputable and comprehensive universities and is also well-known for its excellence in learning and teaching and providing sustainable academic programs. The business organization has developed a distinct image of an academic institution that is fostering generation and development of knowledge is also associated and this is one of the prime characters that are enabling the firm to enjoy a leading position. Whereas, the Sharjah university is only focused in offering the individuals with set of quality educational services for long run experiences by making comprehensive mechanisms and due to which the entity is at 3rd rank. References Adu, (2018). About ADU, Assessed on 24th February 2018, https://www.adu.ac.ae/. David, M. E., David, F. R., David, F. R. (2014). Mission statement theory and practice: A content analysis and new direction. International Journal of Business, Marketing, Decision Science, 7(1). Johnson, G. (2016). Exploring strategy: text and cases. Pearson Education. Malphurs, A. (2015). Developing a vision for ministry. Baker Books. Sharjah, (2018). About uos, Assessed on 24th February 2018, https://www.sharjah.ac.ae/en/Pages/default.aspx. Tallant, (2009). Importance of mission, vision and values in strategic direction, Assessed on 24th Febraury 2018, https://www.grin.com/document/167258.